亚美尼亚和格鲁吉亚居留权概述和介绍
亚美尼亚和格鲁吉亚是南高加索地区的两个邻国，为寻求新家园的外国人提供了独特而有吸引力的居住选择。这两个国家都拥有充满活力的文化、悠久的历史和令人惊叹的风景，使其成为个人和家庭都喜欢的目的地。亚美尼亚和格鲁吉亚各自的居住途径让我们一窥他们独特而互补的方法。
每个国家的居住选择都取决于其人口结构、经济目标和历史。亚美尼亚和格鲁吉亚为外国人提供了在该地区的安全基地，并让他们有机会沉浸在高加索丰富的文化结构中。这两个国家以其独特的传统与现代的融合，对潜在居民的吸引力越来越大。
通过比较分析深入探讨居住选择、投资途径、家庭政策和公民资格的细微差别，帮助潜在居民根据其独特的偏好和目标做出明智的决定。
对比表
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格鲁吉亚居留权的好处
对于那些寻求居住权的人士来说，无论是出于个人、职业还是投资原因，佐治亚州都提供了多种优势。
无需频繁过境：在格鲁吉亚居住无需频繁旅行即可维持合法身份。居留许可可以续签，无需离开并重新进入该国，为长期居民提供更大的稳定性。
获得永久居留权和公民身份的途径：临时居民可以随着时间的推移申请永久居留权。连续合法居住 10 年后，申请人有资格获得格鲁吉亚公民身份。
10 年后可获得养老金资格：连续居住 10 年后，外国公民将有资格领取格鲁吉亚养老金，为计划在该国退休的人士提供长期的财务保障。
家庭团聚：居留权持有者可以邀请家人来格鲁吉亚团聚。直系亲属（包括配偶和未成年子女）有资格获得自己的居留许可，允许家人不受限制地生活在一起。
亚美尼亚居留权的好处
亚美尼亚为寻求居留权的个人和家庭提供广泛的福利，特别是那些有志于长期投资和获得公民身份的个人和家庭。
入籍途径：亚美尼亚提供更快的入籍途径，个人只需居住三年即可申请入籍。对于拥有亚美尼亚血统的人来说，流程更加简化，可以立即申请入籍。此外，与亚美尼亚公民结婚的个人在亚美尼亚居住或拥有注册地址一年后即可申请入籍。该国的双重国籍政策对于那些希望在获得亚美尼亚公民身份的同时保留原国籍的人来说尤其有利。
家庭包容：居留许可可扩展到广泛的家庭成员，不仅包括配偶和子女，还包括父母、兄弟姐妹、孙子女和祖父母。
法律和社会权利：亚美尼亚居民更容易获得医疗保健、教育和银行等重要服务。居留权使开设银行账户和获得某些类型的贷款变得更加容易。安全的环境：例如，亚美尼亚经常被评为全球最安全的 10 个国家之一 世界.
亚美尼亚与格鲁吉亚居住选择比较分析
格鲁吉亚
格鲁吉亚居留许可 满足各种需求，包括投资者、业主、学生和专业人士的需求。格鲁吉亚居留权允许外国人在第比利斯和巴统等主要城市生活和工作。这些城市中心融合了苏联时代的建筑、现代基础设施和热情好客的氛围。
格鲁吉亚的居住制度体现了其开放的经济政策，政府优先吸引外资，近年来外资大幅增长。每种居住类型都鼓励格鲁吉亚社区内的经济和社会融合，为居民营造稳定而充满活力的环境。 世界银行 注意到格鲁吉亚商业透明度的提高，并建议采取进一步的经济政策来维持增长。
亚美尼亚的居住选择
亚美尼亚提供三种主要类型的居留许可： 临时, 永久和 特别，每种方式都适用于不同的人群，包括 企业主、亚美尼亚族以及有家庭关系的人。
亚美尼亚提供三种类型的居留许可：
临时居留许可（1年）： 适用于企业主、投资者、员工和/或志愿者、学生、拥有亚美尼亚公民身份或居留许可的个人的家庭成员以及亚美尼亚族人。
永久居留许可（5年）： 向亚美尼亚族人、企业主和有家人在亚美尼亚的人提供这项福利，前提是他们已在亚美尼亚合法居住三年，并能证明自己有足够的住房和经济能力。
特别居留许可（10年）： 授予亚美尼亚族人或在亚美尼亚参与重大商业或文化活动的个人。
基于投资和商业活动的居住权
格鲁吉亚投资居留是最直接的居留选择之一，允许外国公民以最低 300,000 美元格鲁吉亚拉里的投资获得五年居留许可。要获得格鲁吉亚投资居留许可，房产的市场价值必须由格鲁吉亚认证中心认可的机构下属的认证评估师确定。
获得格鲁吉亚投资居留许可的个人的家庭成员也有资格获得居留许可。这包括该人的配偶、未成年子女、完全受赡养的残疾人士和完全受赡养的人士。
此外，如果个人能够证明其商业活动期间的年营业额达到以下门槛，他们可以在五年后申请永久居留许可（无限期）：
第一年至少 50,000 美元（相当于 140,000 格鲁吉亚拉里）。
第二年至少 100,000 美元（相当于 280,000 格鲁吉亚拉里）。
第三、第四和第五年至少 120,000 美元（相当于 336,000 格鲁吉亚拉里）。
因此，佐治亚州为获得居留权提供了明确的投资门槛，提供了资格的可预测性。
虽然亚美尼亚没有获得居留权的投资门槛，但亚美尼亚的商业投资者可以建立自己的公司、以股东身份加入其他公司或注册为私营企业家 (PE)，从而可以开展几个月的业务并申请居留许可。值得注意的是，亚美尼亚与许多邻国不同，它提供居留福利，但不设严格的资本门槛。
这种方法在埃里温和其他城市营造了充满活力和热情的环境，吸引了本地和国际企业。投资者和企业家可以申请 1 年、5 年或 10 年的居留许可，具体取决于他们对亚美尼亚经济的贡献规模及其企业的运营历史。这一框架凸显了亚美尼亚致力于为企业增长和投资创造充满活力的生态系统的承诺。
亚美尼亚 通过投资获得居留权 这些选择在资本要求方面提供了灵活性，对企业家来说很有吸引力。通过鼓励技术、农业和房地产等领域的外国直接投资，亚美尼亚创造了一个适合增长和创新的环境。通常只需投入少得多的投资即可获得居住权——通常比格鲁吉亚少 10 到 20 倍。
通过房产获得居住权
由于格鲁吉亚政府鼓励房地产投资，因此拥有房产是格鲁吉亚居留的一种流行途径。通过购买价值 100,000 美元（等值格鲁吉亚拉里）或以上的房产，外国公民可以获得短期居留许可。如果房产被出售，此许可将失效。投资格鲁吉亚房产价值超过 300,000 美元（等值格鲁吉亚拉里）的个人可以在格鲁吉亚居住五年后申请永久居留许可（无限期）。
居留证持有人的家庭成员也有资格获得居留证，包括其配偶、未成年子女、完全受赡养的残疾人和其他完全受赡养的人员。
亚美尼亚不提供通过房地产投资直接获得居留权的途径。但是，个人可以在亚美尼亚购买房地产，将其出租并产生收入，这可能使他们有资格根据在该国开展的商业活动申请居留许可。
对于那些通过直接房地产投资寻求居住权的人来说，格鲁吉亚仍然是明确的选择，因为亚美尼亚没有这种选择。
基于就业的居住权
格鲁吉亚工作居留许可适合在该国寻找工作的人。该许可要求持有至少六个月的有效就业合同，并在 劳工部 数据库。申请人还必须证明其有足够的资金维持其逗留。
赞助企业必须满足每位外国员工的最低营业额要求，即 135,000 格鲁吉亚拉里，约合 50,000 美元。对于教育或医疗保健行业，每位外国员工的营业额要求为 95,000 格鲁吉亚拉里，约合 35,000 美元。这种方法可确保申请人在经济上稳定，同时为格鲁吉亚的劳动力做出贡献，尤其是在旅游和金融等主要行业。
在亚美尼亚，雇员、工人和志愿者如果有潜在的注册雇主（雇主注册通常在一个工作日内完成），并且该雇主可以提供确认信，表明他们有意雇用外国公民，则可以申请为期一年的居留许可。对于包括俄罗斯在内的欧亚经济联盟 (EAEU) 的公民，不需要工作许可，这简化了流程。简单的申请流程通过电子平台进行。因此，在亚美尼亚，任何注册雇主都可以为外国雇员申请居留许可，而无需满足任何财务标准。
家庭成员居留权
格鲁吉亚居留许可持有人的配偶、未成年子女及全权受抚养的受益人可以获得有效期为6个月至1年的居留许可。
对于在格鲁吉亚投资房地产或商业的投资者，其配偶、未成年子女和全权受抚养的受益人分别有资格获得有效期为 1 年或 5 年的居留许可。
此外，格鲁吉亚公民的配偶和未成年子女可以申请永久居留许可。
亚美尼亚的居留政策非常包容，其许可范围广泛，不仅配偶和子女可获得居留许可，兄弟姐妹、祖父母和孙子女也可获得居留许可，这反映了亚美尼亚文化对家庭的强烈重视。
持有1年期亚美尼亚居留许可的个人的配偶、子女和父母，以及亚美尼亚公民或持有5年期或10年期居留许可人士的配偶、子女、父母、兄弟姐妹、孙子女和祖父母，均可申请1年期居留许可。
此外，亚美尼亚公民或居留证持有人的配偶、子女、父母、兄弟姐妹、孙子女和祖父母，只要在亚美尼亚合法居住三年，并在该国有固定住所，并拥有必要的经济能力，就有资格申请 5 年居留证。亚美尼亚将居留福利扩大到更广泛的家庭成员，包括亚美尼亚公民或居留证持有人的配偶、子女、父母、兄弟姐妹、孙子女和祖父母。这种包容性使亚美尼亚成为那些优先考虑家庭团聚的人的绝佳选择。
学生
在格鲁吉亚授权教育机构就读的学生有资格申请居留许可，该许可有效期为 6 个月至 1 年。
在亚美尼亚教育机构就读的学生可以申请为期一年的居留许可，该许可可随学年延长。在大多数情况下，教育机构会代表学生提交申请。要获得居留许可，学生必须被列入该机构提交给 MCS 的外国学生名单中。亚美尼亚允许教育机构管理学生申请，从而减轻行政负担，从而提供了更便捷的流程。一年期许可证每年续签一次，与学年周期一致，对长期学生来说很实用。
前格鲁吉亚公民、格鲁吉亚居民、无国籍人士、被贩卖人员以及具有亚美尼亚血统的人士
前格鲁吉亚公民可申请并获得有效期为 6 年的居留许可。此外，因放弃格鲁吉亚国籍而被终止格鲁吉亚国籍的无国籍人士、自 31 年 1993 月 XNUMX 日起永久居住在格鲁吉亚的人士或在该日期之后未被承认为格鲁吉亚公民但维持其在格鲁吉亚永久登记的人士，也可获得永久居留许可。
过去 10 年持临时居留许可在格鲁吉亚居住的个人可以申请永久居留许可。
其他类别，例如无国籍人士和贩运受害者，分别有资格申请有效期为 3 年和 6 年的居留许可。
亚美尼亚血统
亚美尼亚裔人士可申请 1 年、5 年或 10 年的居留许可，具体取决于他们的偏好。亚美尼亚为亚美尼亚裔人士提供居留选择，进一步加强了其与全球亚美尼亚侨民的联系。此外，亚美尼亚还根据具体规定向被贩卖、受迫害或无国籍人士提供居留权。
续订
格鲁吉亚的临时居留许可（不包括颁发给无国籍人士的许可）通常可以续签最长 12 年。对于寻求永久居留权的个人，适用特定的途径和标准，特别是对于商业投资者和业主。
商业投资者： 在格鲁吉亚保持活跃商业运营的个人可以在五年后申请永久居留权，前提是他们以格鲁吉亚拉里（GEL）或等值美元满足以下年营业额要求：
第一年：至少 1 美元
第一年：至少 2 美元
第 3-5 年：每年至少 120,000 美元
房地产投资者： 在格鲁吉亚房地产投资超过 300,000 美元（等值格鲁吉亚拉里）的申请人也有资格申请永久居留权。
这些机会彰显了佐治亚州致力于促进长期经济贡献和为投资者提供永久居留权途径的承诺。
亚美尼亚居留许可可以续签多次，每次续签的有效期与最初授予的有效期相同，为 1 年、5 年或 10 年。
选择亚美尼亚或格鲁吉亚居留权时要考虑的其他因素
入籍途径
佐治亚州要求个人必须连续居住十年才有资格获得公民身份。
亚美尼亚提供了更快的公民身份申请途径，个人只需居住三年即可申请。对于拥有亚美尼亚血统的人来说，申请流程更加简化，可以立即申请公民身份。此外，与亚美尼亚公民结婚的个人在亚美尼亚居住或拥有注册地址一年后即可申请公民身份。还有其他理由，个人可以在法律规定的一般时间之前申请亚美尼亚公民身份。
这种灵活的方式凸显了亚美尼亚致力于加强与侨民联系和支持家庭团聚的决心。
税收和财务影响
我们 税收、格鲁吉亚和亚美尼亚为企业和投资者呈现了不同的前景。
格鲁吉亚以其优惠的税收环境而闻名，其标准企业税率为 15%，这对外国直接投资尤其具有吸引力。获得居住权和公民身份的简化流程进一步增强了格鲁吉亚对国际投资者的吸引力。格鲁吉亚还为其居民提供特殊的税收制度。
另一方面，亚美尼亚的标准企业税率为 18%。虽然这可能会给企业带来更高的税收负担，但亚美尼亚通过投资选择提供了居住灵活性，使其成为愿意了解其税收状况的企业家的理想目的地。亚美尼亚的金融业一直在增长，这得益于该国不断扩张的经济。亚美尼亚还为小型企业、高科技公司和在特殊税区运营的实体提供特殊的优惠税收制度。
医疗保健和教育
佐治亚州提供公私结合的医疗保健服务，拥有大量医院和医疗设施，确保医疗服务的高水准。佐治亚州的教育体系拥有大量大学和高等教育机构，吸引了来自该地区各地的学生。
亚美尼亚 医疗系统 亚美尼亚主要为公立医院，也有私立医院和医疗机构。亚美尼亚正在不断努力改善全国的医疗服务。
亚美尼亚 教育体制 接受高等教育和职业培训的机会日益增多。
总而言之，格鲁吉亚和亚美尼亚在医疗保健和教育方面都具有独特的优势和挑战。在这两个国家之间做出选择最终将取决于个人的偏好和优先事项，无论是格鲁吉亚更发达的基础设施，还是亚美尼亚紧密团结、以家庭为导向的社会。
亚美尼亚和格鲁吉亚都为寻求定居的外国人提供了独特的途径，每种途径都迎合不同的生活方式、职业目标和文化偏好。格鲁吉亚结构化的投资途径和现代化的基础设施使其对高端投资者具有吸引力。同时，亚美尼亚的包容性政策、丰富的历史联系和加速的公民身份途径吸引了寻求与该地区建立深厚联系的家庭和企业家。每个国家都提供独特的体验，欢迎新移民进入他们的社区，并提供充实的生活方式，这种生活方式因南高加索的美丽、文化和机遇而丰富多彩。
有关亚美尼亚移民和公司服务的更多信息，请访问 我们的网站.
阿曼·巴蒂基扬
法律服务
最后更新五月18 2026
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- 国籍： Armenia ~3 years permanent residency, dual citizenship allowed; Georgia ~10 years, dual citizenship by exception only
- 税费： Both apply flat 20% PIT; Armenia offers 0% microbusiness (under AMD 24M) and 5% simplified IE; Georgia offers 1% small business IE
Armenia and Georgia are the South Caucasus’s most popular bases for founders, investors, and remote professionals. Both countries are in the midst of major immigration reforms — Armenia through its November 2026 overhaul that replaces the legacy special residency system, and Georgia through tightened investment thresholds and new sector-specific permits. This guide compares the latest rules, investment thresholds, tax regimes, and specialist pathways so you can pick the right jurisdiction for your goals.
相关指导： 居留证 | 国籍 | 商业登记 | 签证 | 亚美尼亚的税收 | 房地产
Residency frameworks: what is changing in 2026
Both countries are mid-reform and shifting toward more standardized, digitized systems. The critical dates are different, and each country’s reform addresses different pain points.
亚美尼亚 adopted law HO-11-N on January 20, 2026, which takes effect on 2026 年 11 月 1 日. Under Armenian immigration law, the reform consolidates residence into two categories — temporary and permanent — and launches an electronic unified platform for all applications. The legacy 10-year “special residency” (historically popular with ethnic Armenians) is abolished for new applications from that date. Existing holders are grandfathered until their current special passport expires. Ethnic Armenians retain a direct route to permanent residency without needing investment or prior temporary residence. A separate fee amendment (HO-12-N) takes effect on 2027 年 1 月 1 日, creating a two-month window (November 1 – December 31, 2026) where the new processing rules apply but the old, lower fees remain in effect.
格鲁吉亚 implemented several changes effective 2026 年 3 月 1 日: the real-estate investment threshold for a residence permit rose to USD 150,000 (in GEL equivalent, up from USD 100,000); employment on tourist or visa-free status became unlawful; and a mandatory work permit system launched with a transition period for existing workers running through January 1, 2027. Georgia also introduced an IT-sector residence permit operational since September 1, 2025.
Permit categories and eligibility
| 类别 | Armenia (from Nov 1, 2026) | Georgia (current) |
|---|---|---|
| 暂住 | Up to 1 year, renewable. Structured tracks: employment, education, entrepreneurship, family, ethnic Armenian. Platform-based applications only. | Tied to qualifying ground (investment, employment, study, family). Short-term real-estate TRP: 1 year, renewable. |
| 永久居留权 | 5-year card, renewable. Requires 3 years temp residence in last 5 years (family/entrepreneurship track). Ethnic Armenians qualify directly. New investment track (conditions TBD by government decision). | Investment residence permit: USD 300,000 (real estate or business), 5-year, upgradeable to indefinite. |
| Special / sector-specific | 10-year special residency 取消 for new applications. Exceptional-services track via PM petition remains. | IT-sector permit: 3 years, renewable to 12. Requires 2+ years IT experience, USD 25,000/year income, 183 days/year presence. |
| Diaspora / ethnic route | Ethnic Armenians get direct permanent residency — no investment or prior temp residence required. | No diaspora-specific track. Former Georgian citizens may apply for reinstatement. |
Business and investment residency thresholds
This is where the two countries differ most for entrepreneurs and investors.
| 路线 | 亚美尼亚 | 格鲁吉亚 |
|---|---|---|
| Real-estate residence | No fixed real-estate threshold. Business-based residence available through company formation or IE registration. | USD 150,000 (GEL equivalent) from March 1, 2026. May combine properties; excludes agricultural land. 1-year TRP, renewable. |
| Investment residence (long-term) | New investment-based permanent residence track (Art. 29.6) — conditions to be defined by government decision (not yet published). | USD 300,000 investment residence permit: 5-year, upgradeable to indefinite. Real estate or business investment qualifies. |
| Business formation (entrepreneurship) | LLC/JSC route: minimum AMD 2,000,000 (~USD 5,063) invested in charter capital or equivalent shares/securities. IE route: minimum AMD 1,000,000 (~USD 2,532) bank balance OR AMD 1,000,000 turnover in previous 60 days. |
Business route: annual turnover thresholds of USD 50,000 (year 1), USD 100,000 (year 2), and USD 120,000 (years 3–5). |
| 公司注册 | No minimum charter capital for LLC. Registration: 1 business day, free of charge. TIN auto-assigned. | 1-day registration. No minimum capital for most entity types. Low government fees. |
For Armenia, under the reformed regime the entrepreneurship-based temporary residence can convert to permanent after 3 years of continuous temp residence in the last 5 years, provided the capital or turnover thresholds are maintained throughout. Status is revoked if capital drops below AMD 1,000,000 (~USD 2,532) or if no tax activity is recorded within 180 days of the grant. For step-by-step guidance on Armenian company formation, see our 商业登记 页面。
Government fees comparison
| 费用 | Armenia (current, until Dec 31, 2026) | Armenia (from Jan 1, 2027) | 格鲁吉亚 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 暂住 | AMD 105,000（约合 266 美元） | AMD 150,000（约合 380 美元） | 300 GEL (30-day), 450 GEL (20-day), 600 GEL (10-day expedited) |
| 永久居留权 | AMD 140,000（约合 354 美元） | AMD 250,000（约合 633 美元） | Included in investment permit processing |
战略要点： Applications filed in Armenia between November 1 and December 31, 2026 will use the new digital platform and reformed processing rules but still pay the old, lower fees. This creates a brief window for cost-conscious applicants who are ready to file early under the new system.
Work permits and employment authorization
格鲁吉亚 has made work authorization mandatory from March 1, 2026. Foreigners may not work on tourist or visa-free status — employers and employees must obtain the appropriate work permit and residence status. Digital nomads and remote workers serving non-resident foreign clients are exempt from the work-authorization requirement. The transition period for existing workers runs through January 1, 2027. Georgia has also introduced zero-quota sectors for delivery, transport, and tour guiding, meaning these industries are closed to new foreign workers. For details on Armenia’s 工作准证, see our dedicated page.
亚美尼亚 continues to accommodate employment-based residence within the reformed framework. From November 1, 2026, work-based applications will be processed through the electronic unified platform. The platform handles employment confirmation, contract validation, and inter-agency data exchange. Under Armenian immigration law, employers have specific obligations regarding transport, social security, housing, and return arrangements for foreign employees.
Tax regimes and digital nomad options
Tax structure is a deciding factor for many remote professionals and entrepreneurs choosing between Armenia and Georgia. Both countries apply a flat 20% personal income tax rate for residents, but the incentive regimes differ significantly.
| 税务功能 | 亚美尼亚 | 格鲁吉亚 |
|---|---|---|
| Standard PIT | 持平20％ | 持平20％ |
| Small business / IE regime | Microbusiness: 0% (under AMD 24M/~USD 60,759 turnover). Simplified IE: 5% turnover tax (up to AMD 115M/~USD 291,139). | Small business IE: 1% turnover (up to 500,000 GEL). Georgia tightening substance rules for 1% IE as of 2026. |
| IT / tech incentive | Qualified IT companies may access reduced tax rates. IT tax and salary deductions are mutually exclusive. | IT Virtual Zone: 0% corporate tax on foreign-source income + 5% on dividend distributions. |
| Non-resident taxation | Non-residents (under 183 days) taxed on Armenia-sourced income only. Foreign income: 0%. | Non-residents taxed on Georgia-sourced income only. |
Digital nomad paths: Neither country has a formal “digital nomad visa” in the traditional sense. In Armenia, the practical path is to enter visa-free, register as an individual entrepreneur, and obtain temporary residence on a business basis. In Georgia, the “Remotely From Georgia” program requires USD 2,000/month foreign income plus mandatory health insurance. However, Georgia’s new work permit rules from March 2026 require formalization for those working “in” Georgia — remote workers serving foreign clients remain exempt. For a full overview of Armenian tax options, see 亚美尼亚的税收.
Cost of living: Yerevan vs Tbilisi
Monthly living costs for a single professional are approximately USD 1,100–1,600 in Yerevan and USD 820–1,350 in Tbilisi as of early 2026. Yerevan tends to run about 24% higher overall and roughly 35% higher on rent, though it offers a more compact city layout and a growing tech ecosystem. Tbilisi has a more developed expat infrastructure, more English-friendly services, and a wider range of international coworking spaces. Both cities offer high quality of life relative to cost, with Tbilisi being the more budget-friendly option for newcomers testing the waters.
Banking for expats
Armenia requires physical presence for bank account opening, with document-heavy compliance reviews that typically take about two weeks. Georgia’s banking system (led by TBC Bank and Bank of Georgia) is considerably more foreigner-friendly, with English-language interfaces and faster onboarding. Both countries are tightening AML/KYC compliance in 2026, so expect more documentation requirements regardless of which jurisdiction you choose. For guidance on Armenian accounts, see our 银行业 页面。
公民身份和入籍
For those planning beyond residency, the citizenship paths differ sharply. Armenia requires approximately 3 years of permanent residency and a basic Armenian language test. Crucially, Armenia has allowed dual citizenship since 2005, making it one of the most flexible jurisdictions for maintaining ties to your home country. Georgia requires approximately 10 years of continuous legal residence, plus Georgian language and history tests, and permits dual citizenship only by exception — a significantly higher bar. For more detail on the Armenian path, see our 国籍 页面。
医疗保健和保险
Georgia introduced mandatory health insurance for all foreign visitors and residents from January 1, 2026, with a minimum coverage of 30,000 GEL. This is a compliance requirement — failure to maintain coverage can affect your residence status. Armenia is phasing in Universal Health Insurance, with full implementation expected by 2029. In the interim, private insurance is strongly recommended for expats in Armenia, as the public system has limited English-language capacity.
Specialized pathways: diaspora and IT professionals
亚美尼亚（侨民）： The 10-year special residency — historically the go-to for ethnic Armenians — ends for new applications on November 1, 2026. Under the reformed regime, ethnic Armenians apply directly for permanent residency through the digital platform, without needing investment or prior temporary residence. Existing special passport holders are grandfathered until their document expires and retain all associated rights (including agricultural land ownership and military service exemption) during the validity period.
Georgia (IT-sector permit): Since September 1, 2025, Georgia offers a dedicated 3-year IT-sector residence permit, renewable for up to 12 years. Requirements include at least 2 years of IT experience, minimum USD 25,000/year income, an ISCO-08 code 25 occupation classification, and 183 days per year of physical presence in Georgia. The permit extends to family members, making it attractive for tech professionals relocating with dependents.
常见问题
When does Armenia’s immigration overhaul take effect?
The reform (law HO-11-N) takes effect on November 1, 2026. A separate fee schedule (HO-12-N) applies from January 1, 2027. Applications filed before November 1, 2026 are processed entirely under the current regime regardless of when the decision is issued.
Is it cheaper to live in Georgia or Armenia?
Tbilisi is generally more affordable, with monthly costs of USD 820–1,350 compared to Yerevan’s USD 1,100–1,600. Yerevan runs about 24% higher overall, with rents approximately 35% higher than Tbilisi.
What is Georgia’s minimum real-estate investment for residency?
From March 1, 2026, the minimum is USD 150,000 (in GEL equivalent), up from USD 100,000. This is for a short-term real-estate TRP (1 year, renewable). For a 5-year investment residence permit, the threshold is USD 300,000.
Does Armenia or Georgia allow dual citizenship?
Armenia has permitted dual citizenship since 2005 and places no restrictions on holding multiple passports. Georgia allows dual citizenship only by exception, making it significantly harder to maintain ties to your home country while naturalizing.
获得永久居留权和公民身份需要多长时间？
In Armenia, permanent residency requires 3 years of temporary residence (for family/entrepreneurship tracks), and citizenship requires approximately 3 years of permanent residency plus a language test. The total path is roughly 6 years. In Georgia, permanent residency is available after 5 years, and citizenship requires approximately 10 years of continuous legal residence plus language and history tests.
Can I work in Georgia on a tourist visa?
No. Since March 1, 2026, Georgia requires formal work authorization. Employment on tourist or visa-free status is unlawful and carries penalties for both employers and employees. Remote workers serving foreign clients from Georgia are exempt from this requirement.
结语
Armenia and Georgia are both modernizing their residency regimes, but with different priorities. Armenia’s November 2026 overhaul focuses on digital consolidation, clearer business tracks, and streamlined diaspora access. Georgia’s changes emphasize investment formalization, sector-specific pathways for IT professionals, and stricter work-authorization compliance. Your choice depends on your specific situation — entry cost, business model, tax optimization goals, and long-term citizenship plans all factor in. For a bespoke Armenia–Georgia residency strategy, 联系我们.
