Defenses Available in Armenia to a Charge of Trademark Infringement

In trademark infringement cases in Armenia, defendants have various defenses available to challenge the allegations of infringement. These defenses can be categorized into four main groups:

1. Non-Infringement Defenses:

   • The defendant may argue that no infringement occurred based on factors such as dissimilarity between the trademarks, non-similar goods or services, differences in channels of trade, differences in purchasers, or the weakness of the plaintiff's trademark.
   • The allegedly infringing sign is not used as a trademark.
   • The defendant may claim that the infringing activities were not conducted by them.
   • The allegedly infringing goods did not enter the market of Armenia.

2. Justification (Affirmative Defenses):

   • Exhaustion: The defendant may assert that the plaintiff cannot prohibit the use of the trademark in relation to goods that have been legitimately placed on the market by the owner or with their consent.
   • Non-Action (Acquiescence/Tolerance): The defendant may argue that the trademark owner has acquiesced to the use of the allegedly infringing trademark for a continuous period of five years while being aware of such use, unless the later trademark was registered in bad faith.
   • Fair Use: The defendant may invoke the right to use certain indications in business, including the name and address, or indications related to product characteristics, in accordance with fair use.
   • Bad Faith: The defendant may assert that the plaintiff registered the trademark in bad faith.

3. Counter-Claims:

   • Invalidity: The defendant may file a counter-claim arguing that the plaintiff's trademark is invalid due to reasons such as being descriptive, misleading, or generic, or that it conflicts with an earlier right.
   • Non-Use: The defendant can claim that the plaintiff's trademark should be invalidated due to non-use for a certain period (usually five years) following registration.
   • Dilution: The defendant may argue that the plaintiff's trademark has become the common name in the trade for a product or service, making it subject to revocation.

4. General Procedural Defenses:

   • Statute of Limitations: Claims for trademark infringement may be subject to a statute of limitations, which typically starts running from the time when the plaintiff becomes aware of the infringement.
   • Capacity to Bring Proceedings: Defendants may raise objections related to the capacity of the plaintiff to bring proceedings.
   • Bad Faith of the Plaintiff: Defendants may allege bad faith on the part of the plaintiff in initiating the action.
     
     
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